Books with author Katherine Lodge

We can use the conjugated helping verb of “haber” plus past participle to form various perfect tense. The most often used verbs with PP are “estar” and “ser”, resembling the passive voice construction in English. However, “PP” can be an adjective following a noun, or used independently. The past participle can also immediately follow certain other conjugated verbs. Gerund can be used to make compound verb to form present or past progressive tense. They can also follow other conjugated verbs, such as verb of perception. Participial phrase is formed by a Gerund or PP. Spanish verb of becoming is a very common expression, and useful to show changes in emotion. The most common way in Spanish to express “to begin, or to start” is also included in this book.

We can use the conjugated helping verb of “haber” plus past participle to form various perfect tense. The most often used verbs with PP are “estar” and “ser”, resembling the passive voice construction in English. However, “PP” can be an adjective following a noun, or used independently. The past participle can also immediately follow certain other conjugated verbs. Gerund can be used to make compound verb to form present or past progressive tense. They can also follow other conjugated verbs, such as verb of perception. Participial phrase is formed by a Gerund or PP. Spanish verb of becoming is a very common expression, and useful to show changes in emotion. The most common way in Spanish to express “to begin, or to start” is also included in this book.

“TENER, HACER, & PONER” are the most frequently used and irregular Spanish verbs. This book provides many examples of Spanish simple present, simple past, future, perfect, pluperfect, conditional tenses, command, subjunctive mood, and passive voice, a helpful resource, like a mini Spanish Grammar Book for writing Spanish sentences and learning verb conjugation.

Most of transitive verbs which take a direct objects theoretically can be followed by an infinitive (noun), without using a conjunction or preposition. An infinitive can be used as a noun - as the subject, the direct object of a verb and/or an object of a preposition. The beauty is that the infinitive offers a wide range of uses of a word, without sacrificing its meaning or characteristics as a verb.

Some of the following most frequently used Spanish words - más, menos, menor, major, mayor, and peor - can be an adjective or adverb, used in making comparison. “Más” probably is the most versatile and friendly Spanish word which gets along with all different parts of speech. Usually one can get the superlative form by adding a definite article, el, la, los, las, or lo, which can be replace by possessive adjective, “MI/TU/SU”. Whether it is superlative or comparative form sometimes is easier to be interpreted in the context of the sentence, in additional to the articles used. If the comparative is followed by a number, use “más de” rather than “más que”. Indefinite articles “un, uno, una, unos, unas” are usually used in comparative form.

VERB + EN, PARA, POR, CONEight formulas are created for stitching technique by using prepositions to “stitch” words together and to make it grammatically correct in Spanish. Infinitives are extensively used in the formulas as objects of preposition. It is not unusual to see different prepositions used with certain conjugated verbs. Looking for one absolute choice is not pragmatic under the circumstances. However we should still be careful in the selection of the correct choice so that we will not speak Chinese Spanish or English Spanish.

For Spanish NEGATIVE or FORMAL COMMAND, always conjugate the subjunctive. The imperative mood in the second person, singular - “tú” form which looks like the present tense of 3rd person, singular, is used to give informal command in Spanish. Irregular “tú” form verbs have unique spellings “ten, haz, sé, di, ven, pon, ve, sal”, which a foreigner has to memorize, without the benefit of reasoning. For “vosotros” form, dropping the “r“ from all infinitives, before adding the “d”, examples are “ quered, cortad, sufrid…”. Infinitive can be used for informal and/or impersonal command, especially in instructions. In English, command can be indicated by omitting the subject of the verb. Indirect command is used to give a command to someone other than the person being spoken to.

For Spanish NEGATIVE or FORMAL COMMAND, always conjugate the subjunctive. The imperative mood in the second person, singular - “tú” form which looks like the present tense of 3rd person, singular, is used to give informal command in Spanish. Irregular “tú” form verbs have unique spellings “ten, haz, sé, di, ven, pon, ve, sal”, which a foreigner has to memorize, without the benefit of reasoning. For “vosotros” form, dropping the “r“ from all infinitives, before adding the “d”, examples are “ quered, cortad, sufrid…”. Infinitive can be used for informal and/or impersonal command, especially in instructions. In English, command can be indicated by omitting the subject of the verb. Indirect command is used to give a command to someone other than the person being spoken to.